That tells us that you do have 120V into the RV, so you can safely assume that the outlet you are connected to is good, your shore power cord is good, and the main circuit breaker as well as the one supplying the microwave are also good.
I will assume that you realize that the only way to be sure that your circuit breakers are closed is to open each one and then close it again? If not, do that now.
Is there any chance that your device could be bad? If it is the one I see online, it should have a built-in voltmeter. Is there another outlet somewhere that you could plug into just to verify that it is working? If you are connected to a typical RV power pedestal it should have a double, 15a outlet on it that you could use to test and be certain. It probably has a circuit breaker above it.
While I am a retired electrical technician, you really don't need to have much knowledge of electricity to use a meter for basic information. A cheap one will give you more information and they come with instructions on how to take measurements. Don't let us intimidate you for a lack of experience. All of us had to learn as well and many began with no more knowledge than you have. Are you sure that you do not have another GFCI somewhere that you aren't aware of? Also, if you could post pictures of your electrical distribution panel, and possible the GFCI it might just trigger some thought from one of us who have a lot of experience.