Gary RV_Wizard
Site Team
As Tulecreeper says, there is often resistance to the ice movement that makes damage possible even if there is an opening somewhere. A fitting joint or an open valve can resist the flow of the ice enough to fracture it at that point. The strength of the surrounding walls is also a major factor - that's what happened to jymbee's bucket. The ice tried to expand in all directions, applying equal pressure. The bucket walls were simply too flimsy to resist and make the ice squeeze upward. Potable water plumbing lines are rated for much higher pressures, e.g. 160 psi for Pex water tubing.